Most women should get a mammogram every year beginning at age 40. The exceptions: if you’re in the 1 to 2 percent of the population at high risk for breast cancer because of a strong family history of the disease or if you have tested positive for the breast cancer genes. In those cases, start your yearly exams at age 30.

A mammogram is about as exciting as a Pap smear, and it goes almost as quickly -- they’re similar to having X-rays taken of other body parts. A technician will have you place your breast on a plate, then she’ll lower another plate to compress the breast and take the picture. The technician will then take another X-ray at a different angle and repeat the process for your other breast for a total of four images.

You may feel some discomfort from the squeezing for a few seconds, but it shouldn’t hurt. (If you’re in pain, speak up!) Because your breasts can be more sensitive the week before your period starts, if your cycle is regular, try to schedule a mammogram during or within the two weeks after your period ends. And if your breasts are naturally sensitive, pop an Advil or Tylenol beforehand, which may help lessen any discomfort.

Your Expert

Debbie Saslow, Ph.D., is the director of breast and gynecologic cancer at the American Cancer Society.